Le Grand Dérangement - Ships of the British convoy
Note: This page is currently under construction
Contents
1) Deportation Routes Map2) 1755 November 18 Earthquake - Deportation Ships Lost at Sea
3) Winslow's Ship Departure Report
4) Destinations and Arrivals of the Acadian Deportation Convoy: Chart Listed by Ship
5) Transport Ships of 1785 from France to Louisiana
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The Acadiens were Deported by British convoy to:
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Acadian Deportation Destination Map Click here for a full size image |
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1755 November 18 Earthquake
- Deportation Ships Lost at Sea
Note: A number of transport vessels were blown off course or sunk during the deportation (Severe Storms and a massive earthquake occured at the time of the deportation)
1755 November 18 11:35 UTC (GMT)
The Cape Ann Earthquake
Cape Ann, Massachusetts
This earthquake was reported from Halifax, Nova Scotia, south to the Chesapeake Bay in Maryland, and from Lake George, New York, east to a ship 300 kilometres east of Cape Ann. The location of the ship is thought to be near the epicenter, because the shock was felt so strongly that those on board believed the ship had run aground.
Several aftershocks occurred. This earthquake caused the heaviest damage in the region around Cape Ann and Boston. Stone fences were thrown down throughout the countryside, particularly on a line extending from Boston to Montreal. New springs formed, and old springs dried up. At Scituate (on the coast southeast of Boston), Pembroke (about 15 kilometres southwest of Scituate), and Lancaster (about 40 kilometres west of Boston), cracks opened in the earth. Water and fine sand issued from some of the ground cracks at Pembroke.
On November 18, 1755, one of the most significant earthquakes in the northeastern region occurred off Cape Ann. At Boston walls and chimneys were thrown down and stone fences were knocked down (intensity VIII, Modified Mercalli scale). Some descriptions mentioned violent movement of the ground, like waves of the sea, making it necessary to cling to something to prevent being thrown to the ground. At Pembroke and Scituate small chasms opened in the earth through which fine sand reached the surface. Large numbers of fish were killed and many people on vessels felt shocks as if the ships were striking bottom. This earthquake was felt from Lake George, New York, to a point at sea 200 miles east of Cape Ann, and from Chesapeake Bay to the Annapolis River, Nova Scotia, about 300,000 square miles. Reports of a seismic sea wave reaching the West Indies following the earthquake appear to be erroneous. A tsunami had occurred in the West Indies on November 1, 1755, following the great Lisbon earthquake, which apparently led to a report of its association with the Cape Ann earthquake.
Source: Largest Earthquake in Massachusetts:
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/states/events/1755_11_18.php
Abridged from Seismicity of the United States, 1568-1989 (Revised), by Carl W. Stover and Jerry L. Coffman, U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1527, United States Government Printing Office, Washington: 1993.
Winslow's Ship Departure Report
Colonel John Winslow documented a list of ships, bound sites and Acadian numbers on board on October 23, 1755.
From the letter dated OCTOBER 23. 1755:
I am now able to give you an account of our Embarkation having filled what Transports I have & are as follows
| Vessels Names | Masters | Numbers | Where Bound | ||||||
| Hannah | Adams | 140 | Pensilvania | ||||||
| Swan | Hazlum | 168 | Pensilvania | ||||||
| Sally & Molly | Purrington | 154 | Virginia | Total 364 | |||||
| Mary | Dunning | 182 | Virginia | ||||||
| Prosperous | Bradgton | 152 | Virginia | ||||||
| Encheere | Stone | 166 | Virginia | ||||||
| Industry | Goodwin | 177 | Total 831 | ||||||
| Leopard | Church | 178 | Maryland | ||||||
| Milbury | 186 | Maryland | Total 364 | ||||||
| 1498 |
1598 and have 500 left for want of Transports Capt Murray has Shipt from Pizquid his whole and are Upwards of 1000.
source:
Journal of John Winslow of the Provincial Troops While Engaged in Removing the Acadian French Inhabitants from Grand-Pré, and the Neighbouring Settlements, In the Autumn of the Year 1755;
From: Report and Collections of the Nova Scotia Historic Society for the Years 1882-1883, Vol. 3; Halifax, N.S., Printed at the Morning Herald Office, 1883 : p71-196
Transcribed from the original manuscript journal, in the library of the Historical Society of Massachusetts, by permission of the Society, in March 1880, under the direction of the record commission.
Online transcription available at Nova Scotia Historical Society III - Journal of Colonel John Winslow .
Ships of the British convoy formed to deport the Acadians
Destinations of the Acadian Deportation Convoy
Chart - Listed by Colony
Colony |
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Ship - From / To Colony - Depart Date - Arrival Date - # of Acadiens
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Maryland |
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Dolphin - Pisiguit / Annapolis, MD - 27 oct 1755 - 30 nov 1755, 230 Acadiens.
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North Carolina |
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Providence - Halifax / Caroline du Nord - 30 déc 1755 - ? 1756, 50 Acadiens.
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South Carolina |
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Dolphin -Chignectou / South Carolina - 13 oct 1755 - 19 nov 1755, 121 Acadiens.
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Virginia |
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Endeavor (Encherée) - Riv-aux-Canards / Williamsburg, VA - 27 oct 1755 - 30 nov 1755, 166 Acadiens.
These Ships were re-directed to England to transport the Acadians refused landing in Virginia from the ships above
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Georgia |
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Jolly Phillip - Chignectou / Georgia - 13 oct 1755 - 30 dec 1755, 129 Acadiens.
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Conneticut |
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Two Sisters - Annapolis Royal / Connecticut or Rhode Island - 13 oct 1755 - Sinking possible about 250 Acadiens.
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Massachusetts |
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Helena - Annapolis Royal / Boston. MA - 27 oct 1755 - 19 nov 1755, 323 Acadiens.
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New York |
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Experiment - Annapolis Royal / New York - 8 dec 1755 - 30 may 1756, 250 Acadiens.
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Pennsylvania |
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Boscowan - Chignectou / Philadelphie - 13 oct 1755 - Naufrage, 190 Acadiens.
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References:
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Destinations and Arrivals of the Acadian Deportation Convoy
Chart - Listed by Ship
Ship Name |
From |
Destination |
Arrival Date |
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| Sloop Ranger | Pisiquid | Maryland | 11/30/55 | ||||
| Schooner Ranger | Pisiquid | Virginia | 11/30/55 | ||||
| Sloop Dolphin | Pisiquid | CharlesTown, SC | 11/17/55 | ||||
| Sloop Seaflower | Pisiquid | Massachusetts | 11/15/55 | ||||
| Sloop Three Friends | Pisiquid | Williamsburg, VA | 11/30/55 | ||||
| Sloop Hannah | Minas | Massachusetts | 11/15/55 | ||||
| Sloop Elizabeth | Minas | Maryland | 11/20/55 | ||||
| Schooner Leopard | Minas | Maryland | 11/24/55 | ||||
| Sarrah & Molly | Minas | Virginia |
Refused Entry 11/13/155 |
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| Sloop Race Horse | Minas | Massachusetts | 11/26/55 | ||||
| Sloop Prosperous | Minas | Virginia |
Refused Entry 11/13/55 |
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| Sloop Dove | Minas | Connecticut | 1/30/56 | ||||
| Sloop Mary | Minas | Virginia |
Refused Entry 11/13/55 |
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| Sloop Swan | Minas | Pennsylvania |
11/19/55 Stayed Anchored until 3/5/76 |
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| Sloop Industry | Minas | Virginia |
Refused Entry 11/13/55 |
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| Brig. Swallow | Minas | Massachusetts | 1/30/56 | ||||
| Sloop Endeavor | Minas | Virginia | 11/30/55 | ||||
| Sloop Cornwallis | Chignecto | South Carolina | 11/19/55 | ||||
| Sloop Two Brothers | Chignecto | South Carolina | 11/11/55 | ||||
| Union | Chignecto | Pennsylvania | Lost at sea | ||||
| Prince Frederick | Chignecto | Georgia | 12/30/55 | ||||
| Jolly Phillip | Chignecto | Georgia | 12/30/55 |
Transport Ships of 1785 from France to Louisiana
The last major wave of exiled Acadians to settle in Louisiana came from France, Spain, and Canada beginning in 1785, well after the spanish governor Antonio de Ulloa was run off by rebelling Acadian settlers in the Rebellion of 1768. These 1785 groups settled in the Attakapas, Opelousas and Bayou LaFourche areas and arrived in Louisiana on the following ships:
" We might," says Rameau, reconstruct the history of a considerable number of families brought from Prince Edward Island to Louisburg, transported from Louisburg to England in 1758, from England to France in 1763, and from France to Guiana in 1764 ; then, brought back to France in 1765 after the disaster of Kourou, they were quartered in the island of Aix, whence they were taken to Rochefort."
"Accordingly when, after a few years, the Spanish Government made them advantageous proposals for a settlement in Louisiana, most of these families, together with a great number of others, dwelling elsewhere in France, eagerly accepted them. From 1784 to 1787 a strong current of Acadian emigration set in from France to Louisiana. Of 4,500 Acadians in France in 1763, there remained scarcely eight hundred ; those who were at San Domingo and other West India islands had taken the same direc tion long before. Thus it was not till thirty years after the first deportation, and after suffering all the heart burnings of separation, exile, death, misery in its mul titudinous forms, in fact, all imaginable ills, that this stricken remnant could at length find a lasting asylum."
source:
ACADIA: MISSING LINKS OF A CHAPTER IN AMERICAN HISTORY. Richard, Édouard, 1844-1904 EX-MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS OF CANADA; VOL. II,
NEW YORK HOME BOOK COMPANY MONTREAL; JOHN LOVELL & SON
Le Bon Papa
First ship; 280-ton frigate; departed Paimboeuf 10 May 1785; arrived New Orleans 29 Jul 1785; 156 passengers; 81 days at sea
La Bergere
Second ship; 300-ton frigate; departed Paimboeuf 14 May 1785; arrived New Orleans 15 Aug 1785; 273 passengers; 93 days at sea
Le Beaumont
Third ship; 180-ton frigate; departed Paimboeuf 11 Jun 1785; arrived New Orleans 19 Aug 1785; 176 passengers; 69 days at sea
Le Saint-Remi
Fourth ship; 400-ton frigate; departed St.-Malo 27 Jun 1785; arrived New Orleans 10 Sep 1785; 341 passengers; 75 days at sea
L'Amitie
Fifth ship; 400-ton frigate; departed Paimboeuf 20 Aug 1785; arrived New Orleans 8 Nov 1785; 270 passengers; 80 days at sea
La Ville d'Archangel
Sixth ship; 600-ton frigate; departed St.-Malo 12 Aug 1785; arrived New Orleans 3 Dec 1785; 309 passengers; 113 days at sea
La Caroline
Seventh ship; 200-ton brig; departed Nantes 19 Oct 1785; arrived New Orleans 17 Dec 1785; 77 passengers; 64 days at sea
Total Number of Acadians Transported to Louisiana in 1785
1,602
Sources:
Original Ship Records for 1785
Archivo General de Indias, ‘Papeles Procedentes de Cuba’ (A.G. I.; P.P.C.) (Seville, Spain)
History of Louisiana, Vol. II, Ch. 2 thru Vol. III, ch. 1 (q.v.).; Charles Gayarréa
HISTORICAL MEMOIRS FROM THE FIRST SETTLEMENT OF THE COLONY TO THOUGH DEPARTURE OF GOVERNOR O'REILLY IN 1770, FORMING THE FIFTH OF THE SERIES OF HISTORIC AT, COLLECTIONS OF LOUISIANA, B. F. FRENCH, NEW-YORK; LAMPORT, BLAKEMAN & LAW, No. 8 PARK-PLACE, 1853.
Rieder, Milton P. Jr. & Rieder, Norma Gaudet, The Crew & Passenger Registration Lists of the Seven Acadian Expeditions of 1785 (Milton P. Rieder, Jr. and Norma Gaudet Rieder; Metairie, LA; 1965)
The Deportation of the Acadians. 1986, Publication of the Minister of Supply and Services, Canada.
Acadian Families Who Want to Go to Louisiana to Establish Themselves at the Expense of His Catholic Majesty (September, 1784; Spanish)
- Le Bon Papa - Legajo 602-b (29 Jul 1785; Anselmo Blanchard’s Registration; 9 Volume 2 Issue 2 New Orleans)
- La Bergère - Legajo 576 (22 Sep 1785; Prieto to Morales; New Orleans)
- Le Beaumont - Legajo 626-A (6 Sep 1785; Pedro Aragon y Villegas Registration; New Orleans)
- Le Saint-Remi - Legajo 604-B (19 Dec 1785; Navarro to Morales, New Orleans)
- L’Amitié - (Also called L’Amistad) Legajo 576 (14 Apr 1786; Prieto to Morales; New Orleans) (Also 15 Dec 1785 & 15 Jan 1786; Prieto to Navarro; New Orleans)
- La Ville d’Archangel - Legajo 576 (17 Jan 1786; Prieto to Morales; New Orleans)
- La Caroline - Legajo 576 (17 Jan 1786; Prieto to Morales; New Orleans)
Original Record - Archivo General de Indias, ‘Audiencia De Santa Domingo’ (A.D.S.) (Seville, Spain) - Legajo 2575 (Microfilm copy at University of Louisiana in Lafayette; Lafayette, LA)
Page Sources: Maryland Historical Magazine - Vol. III No. 1, March 1908 - "The Acadians (French Neutrals) Transported to Maryland" - Basil Sollers BALTIMORE: ITS HISTORY AND ITS PEOPLE; BY VARIOUS CONTRIBUTORS; CLAYTON COLMAN HALL, LL.B., A.M. GENERAL EDITOR; VOLUME I HISTORY; LEWIS HISTORICAL PUBLISHING COMPANY; NEW YORK CHICAGO; 1912
THE SHIPS OF THE ACADIAN EXPULSION A Compilation Of Information On The Eighteenth Century Transport Vessels, Used By The British To Transport The Acadians, (Neutral French), During The Acadian Expulsion Of 1755; Click for Web Page; By DR. DON LANDRY, D.D.S. 6512 Schouest Street Metairie, Louisiana 70003 1-504-455-5596 (All Rights Reserved)
Scattered to the Wind - Dispersal and Wanderings of the Acadians, 1755-1809 by Carl A. Brasseaux. Canada's National History Society; The Beaver: Exploring Canada's History; June 2005 ACADIA"-Edourd Richard Vol. 2, Chapter XXXI, pp. 120-121 Massachusetts State Archives Volumes XXIII & XXIV The French Neutrals Acadian Exiles in the Colonies ~ Janet Jehn - 1977 The Acadian Exiles in the American Colonies 1755-1768 by Milton P. Rieder, Jr. and Norma Gaudet Rieder Naomi E.S. Griffiths - "THE ACADIAN DEPORTATION: Deliberate Perfidy or Cruel Necessity" - p. 143 [quoting a manuscript account of Brown compiled in 1760's] Gregory A. Wood - THE FRENCH PRESENCE IN MARYLAND - 1524-1800 - p. 65-66 p. 280 of SELECTIONS FROM PUBLIC DOCUMENTS OF THE PROVINCE OF NOVA SCOTIA, Published by resolution of the House of Assembly on March 15, 1865 in 1869 The British Empire Before The American Revolution - Vol. VI by Lawrence Henry Gipson 281 The Acadian Exiles A Chronicle of the Land of Evangeline by Arthur G. Doughty ACCOUNT OF THE DEPORTATION OF THE ACADIANS FROM "HALIBURTON'S HISTORICAL AND STATISTICAL ACCOUNT OF NOVA SCOTIA." Acadia; or a Month with the Blue Noses, by Frederic S. Cozzens; Derby & Jackson, New York, 1859; pp. 302-314.
